How can fibers be produced mechanically? This is the product of the development of science and technology in recent decades. Using cellulose fiber or natural gas or acetylene gas as raw materials, artificial fiber or synthetic fiber is produced through chemical synthesis, mechanical spinning and drafting, collectively referred to as chemical fiber. These fibers are produced mechanically by chemical and physical changes. Chemical fiber production, and natural fiber production keep pace with each other and benefit mankind.

With the development of science and technology, the raw material production of textile industry has extended beyond the field of fiber production. Can the machinery and equipment for the production of man-made fiber, synthetic fiber and raw materials of these raw materials be called fiber production machinery?

The raw material for the production of man-made fiber is cotton pulp or wood pulp. Cotton pulp and wood pulp are produced into pulp with a complete set of main and auxiliary machines. The pulp is then crushed, aged, yellowed, dissolved, filtered, spun and post treated to form a filament or filament of man-made fiber. The whole production line is composed of dozens of main machines and hundreds of auxiliary machines as well as a complete set of equipment for recovery and utilization of waste solution. Different spinning technology, different varieties and specifications, different sets of equipment. The annual production capacity of the whole production line of short silk is 10000 tons, 30000 tons and 45000 tons. The man-made fiber filament has semi continuous spinning and continuous spinning. Different process and different equipment.

The raw materials of synthetic fiber are mainly natural gas and acetylene gas, which are produced by polymerization, decomposition and synthesis and belong to the discipline of chemical polymer.

Different raw materials of synthetic fiber lead to different process and equipment for producing synthetic fiber. Traditional vinylon and vinylon raw material polyvinyl alcohol use natural gas or acetylene gas for polymerization, alcoholysis, washing, dissolution, filtration, spinning and drafting to become filament or short filament. There are dozens of main machines and hundreds of auxiliary machines.

The traditional synthetic fiber polyester, nylon, polypropylene, spandex and acrylic fibers are widely used. Most of the raw materials of these products come from the downstream of petroleum processing. With the development of science and technology, the change of technological process, the connection of the upper and lower processes, then the connection of spinning and polyester production, and the connection of polyester with the production of upstream products terephthalic acid and glycol, forming the industrial chain of synthetic fiber.

At present, all the devices for the polymerization of terephthalic acid and glycol have been made in China, and there are different production lines with different process flows and single line annual output of 200000 tons, 300000 tons and larger capacity.

Polyester has different raw materials, different uses of products, and different technical equipment. There are fiber grade products formed by esterification and polymerization, and solid-phase tackifier is needed after polymerization to form bottle grade and membrane grade products. To produce these products, we must have a complete set of technical equipment.

Different synthetic fiber materials, different spinning processes, and different production capacity of single line. For example, the annual production capacity of polyester staple fiber is 10000 tons, 30000 tons, 50000 tons, 60000 tons, and 75000 tons in Germany. The spinning and winding speed of polyester filament is increased, and the production capacity is also increased rapidly. The single line capacity of nylon industrial yarn, civil yarn, polypropylene civil yarn and carpet yarn can be determined according to the construction scale. Each product has a complete set of process and engineering, and the process technology equipment must be equipped with dozens of main engines and dozens of auxiliary machines.

After spinning, the synthetic fiber needs post-processing and deep processing, including drafting, texturing and multifilament spinning, so that the synthetic fiber becomes the primary product of the market.

With the development of science and technology, the Nonwovens Technology of melt blown spinning and spunbond spinning from polyester chips is becoming more and more mature and developing rapidly. And recycling of waste polyester. These are all processed and produced by domestic equipment. With the change of polymer chemistry, there are many new and high-tech fibers used in aviation, aerospace, water conservancy, environmental protection, architecture, medicine, tourism, high-end clothing and decoration, including interposition fiber 1313, counterposition fiber 1414 and carbon fiber of different brands. There are also many high-strength, high-temperature, corrosion-resistant and flame-retardant high-performance fibers, as well as multi-component, composite, microfiber and other differential fibers.